![]() The organic electrolytes available at the time would decompose during charging with a graphite negative electrode. 1980: Rachid Yazami demonstrated the reversible electrochemical intercalation of lithium in graphite, and invented the lithium graphite electrode (anode).Patent 4,340,652 for the use of LiCoO 2 as cathodes in lithium batteries was based on Godshall's Stanford University Ph.D. further identified the similar value of ternary compound lithium-transition metal-oxides such as the spinel LiMn 2O 4, Li 2MnO 3, LiMnO 2, LiFeO 2, LiFe 5O 8, and LiFe 5O 4 (and later lithium-copper-oxide and lithium-nickel-oxide cathode materials in 1985) Godshall et al. ![]() By enabling the use of stable and easy-to-handle negative electrode materials, LiCoOĢ enabled novel rechargeable battery systems. LiCoOĢ is a stable positive electrode material which acts as a donor of lithium ions, which means that it can be used with a negative electrode material other than lithium metal. This innovation provided the positive electrode material that enabled early commercial lithium batteries. Goodenough ( Oxford University) and Koichi Mizushima ( Tokyo University), demonstrated limited discharge-charge cycling of a 4 V cell made with lithium cobalt dioxide ( LiCoOĢ) as the positive electrode and lithium metal as the negative electrode. Godshall et al., and, shortly thereafter, John B.
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